French Guiana represents South America's most unusual destination, an overseas department of France where European space technology meets Amazon wilderness. This French Guiana travel guide explores the unique experiences in this corner of the European Union located on the equator.

Guiana Space Centre: Europe's Spaceport

The Centre Spatial Guyanais serves as Europe's primary spaceport, taking advantage of the equatorial location for rocket launches. Tours visit launch facilities, mission control centers, and the Space Museum explaining the site's crucial role in European space exploration.

Viewing launches draws space enthusiasts worldwide when Ariane rockets carry satellites into orbit. The contrast between high-tech space infrastructure and surrounding rainforest creates surreal scenery.

Kourou, the nearby town, provides accommodation and services for space center visitors. The French Guiana travel experience includes witnessing humanity's reach for the stars from South American jungle.

Awala-Yalimapo: Turtle Paradise

This coastal village hosts the world's most important leatherback sea turtle nesting beach. Between April and July, hundreds of these massive creatures, some exceeding 2,000 pounds, crawl ashore to lay eggs.

Night patrols with local guides allow visitors to witness nesting without disturbing the turtles. Hatchlings emerging from nests create unforgettable wildlife encounters. The local Kalina community participates in conservation efforts.

Basic beachfront accommodations provide rustic but comfortable stays. The French Guiana travel experience connects travelers with remarkable marine conservation success.

Amazon Rainforest: Pristine Wilderness

French Guiana protects vast expanses of untouched Amazon forest, among the best-preserved in South America. Limited development means encountering wildlife rather than other tourists.

The Kaw Marsh, accessible from Cayenne, offers boat trips through floating vegetation where black caimans, giant otters, and hundreds of bird species thrive. Hiking trails explore primary forest with massive trees and incredible biodiversity.

Remote lodges accessible only by river provide immersive jungle experiences. The French Guiana travel adventure appeals to serious nature enthusiasts seeking authentic wilderness.

Cayenne: Colonial Capital

Cayenne preserves French colonial architecture alongside Caribbean and South American influences. The colorful buildings, street markets, and Creole cuisine create a unique cultural blend.

Fort Ceperou and Place des Palmistes offer historic sites and evening socializing. The central market sells fresh produce, spices, and local crafts. French bakeries provide authentic baguettes and pastries.

Carnival celebrations rival those of Brazil, with elaborate costumes and street parties. The French Guiana travel experience centers on this small, manageable capital.

Devil's Island: Infamous Prison History

The Iles du Salut, including Devil's Island, served as France's most notorious penal colony until 1953. Prisoners including Alfred Dreyfus and Henri Charriere (Papillon) suffered in brutal conditions.

Today, the islands offer historical tours through abandoned prison facilities while supporting abundant wildlife including monkeys and sea turtles. Boat trips from Kourou reach the islands for day visits.

The dark history contrasts with tropical beauty, creating thought-provoking experiences. The French Guiana travel experience includes understanding this chapter of colonial history.

Stay informed about French Guiana travel tips and South American destinations. Read more from Lonely Planet French Guiana.